Formation and Pass of Kelîle and Dimne Stories: From Pança Tantra to Hümâyûn-Nâme
Kelîle Ve Dimne Hikâyelerinin Yaratımı Ve Aktarımı: Pança Tantra’dan Hümâyûn-Nâme’ye

Author : Tuncay BÜLBÜL
Number of pages : 978-995

Abstract

The fact establishing the union of human community is surely culture. Culture is a primary fact that effecting almost all stages of people’s life from speaking to clothing, from eating habits to “correct” “wrong” perception as well. The most important way in order to hand down the culture which is irrevocable so that to the next generations is word. The atmosphere created by this way within culture media is “oral culture media”. Human-being feeling anxious about handing down the possessed cultural values to the next generations have created oral cultural media, have made it permanent via the different forms of created product within atmosphere. The products generated/created in oral culture media have been penned via writing coming into daily life. Although the oral culture media being penned have lost its dynamic structure, they have incorporated the traces of all rewritten periods and communities because the act of being transferred have been still going on. This case has been frequently  seen when the products being produced within different culture medias have been passed or adapted to different culture medias. Because a culture incorporated a product adds its own facts on it inevitably. Pança Tantra narrations generated/created in Indian oral culture media have walked roundabout the world, have added something itself from all other culture medias. It has been seen that Pança Tantra narrations got notable changes during the translations from Pahlavi script to Arabic especially by İbnü’l-Mukaffa. İbnü’l-Mukaffa added new chapters and new stories which were not found in original narrations during translation to his work, gained different dimensions to it, in fact Pança Tantra narrations were called with the name of Kelile and Dimne stories after this translation. The translation of Mukaffa had an important role in spreading of Kelile and Dimne stories in world languages. One of the other important translations of Kelile and Dimne stories is the work called Envâr-ı Süheylî translated into Persian by Hüseyin Vâiz-i Kâşifî via the work of İbnü’l-Mukaffa. This work differs pretty much from İbnü’l-Mukaffa’s work regarding editing and numbers of stories. Kelile and Dimne stories had especially been translated via Eastern Turkish many times in Turkish Literature. There have been only two translations known in Anatolia. One of them is the translation of Kul Mes’ud and the other one is a work of Alaaddin Çelebi from Filibe named Hümâyûn-nâme resided the work of Hüseyin Vâiz-i Kâşifî named Hüseyin Vâiz-i Kâşifî. In this study, it has been tried to put forward the range of Pança Tantra narrations with its translation skills which is the product of Indian oral culture media after the perspective of outlined in general within “oral culture media” term.

Keywords

Oral culture, oral culture media, Pança Tantra, Kelile and Dimne, Hümâyûn-nâme

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